English inquiry 5 â€Å"It isn't experiencing that is significant, yet living appropriately and genuinely. † The meaning of progress changes relying upon who is characterizing it. Before the finish of the novel, Hundert and Sedgewick Bell each accept that they have arrived at achievement in their own lives. Sedgewick, following in his Dad’s strides of utilizing and controlling each circumstance and opportunity so as to propel his narrow minded objectives, feels fruitful as a well off and amazing agent. Sedgewick by the model, set by his inaccessible, critical, and inflexible dad has discovered that being noteworthy and having great character are characteristics that are immaterial when estimating a man’s achievement. Much the same as his dad who didn't see the value of building up an ethical inner voice, Sedgewick Bell dismisses the ethical direction of his mindful instructor, picking rather to develop the vicious strategies his dad imparted in him as important to accomplish the popularity and fortune indispensable for progress. Conversely, Hundert is just ready to feel effective when he has recaptured his poise and respect by admitting his penetrate of trust and requesting absolution from the understudy he sold out. Once Hundert does the good thing and educates Blythe concerning Hundert’s cheating during the choice of the challengers for the Emperor’s Club rivalry, Hundert can reset his ethical compass, and proceed onward with his life. Hundert comes to comprehend that it was his narrow minded want to see Bell succeed that drove Hundert to ignore what he realized was directly so as to dodge reality †that Sedgewick Bell wanted to turn into the legit and persevering understudy Hundert â€Å"willed† him to be. Through this acknowledgment Hundert can see that despite the fact that he might not have prevailing with Bell, this one â€Å"failure† doesn't limit the positive commitment he has made to the lives of his numerous different understudies. Hundert’s achievement is prove by the way that considerably following 25 years, Hundert’s understudies set up him involved with show their valuation for the exhortation, guidance, intrigue and direction he gave them when they were understudies at St. Benedict’s. Hundert is considered by most of his understudies to be a guide, and positive good example. It is this acknowledgment that helps Hundert see that his prosperity lies in the way that his understudies have taken his message of carrying on with a good, and legitimate existence with them into their reality and utilized his words to help shape their own beneficial lives . s well as, that of their kids. Hundert understands that achievement ought to be estimated not by the cash in a man’s pocket, or the activity he has, yet by the positive effect he has on the planet and on the lives of others. As the film advances Hundert deals with the way that regardless of how diligently he attempted he would never rival the amazing negative impacts that were available in the Bell home. Sedgewick was raised to see an effective man as acting naturally serving, untrusting, uncaring, and controlling. It was when Humdert attempted to set another ethical case of progress for Sedgewick that Humbert was headed to bargain his own convictions. Hundert discovered that when one trade offs him for another the relationship is destined to come up short. It is when Hundert can acknowledge that he isn't answerable for the narrow minded, improper man Sedgewick has become that he can free himself of the sentiments of disappointment that brought about him leaving the calling he adored. When Hundert is remunerated by the positive remarks of his understudies he comprehends that his prosperity is in the way that he has improved the world a spot since he has taught an age of kind, mindful and moral men and fathers who will pass on his valuation for respect, poise, generosity, affectability, innovativeness and respectability to people in the future. Hundert and Sedgewick each characterize â€Å"success† diversely and it is dependent upon every individual watcher to watch and tune in to the film cautiously so as to choose which definition he/she will use to assess the â€Å"success â€Å" of his/her life.

The Failure of The War Powers Resolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Failure of The War Powers Resolution - Essay Example The joint goals just permitted the president to make such a move, on the occasion that there is a war crisis that the military ought to react to. Different occurrences incorporate, should the US, its regions or its inclinations be assaulted (David and Larry, 1996 p22). As the arrangement of the law, the president ought to advise the congress once his goal to put the military into war, inside a range of 48 hours. More to this arrangement is the way that the military are restricted from staying in the combat area abroad for a period surpassing two months. After the expiry of the initial two months, the military is conceded 30 additional days inside which every one of its fighters and tasks ought to be pulled back for the region (Gareth, 2007 p19). Since this joint goals was passed by dominant part 66% of the congress, at that point the president has no veto controls over the enactment and hence has simply to concur with the terms as gave. Be that as it may, a few leaders of the US have supplanted these arrangements, and occupied with war, without carefully holding fast to the enactment, under certain conditions. Remarkable are the instances of presidents Bill Clinton and Obama, whereby in 1999, Clinton approved the bombarding of Kosovo, in absolute dismissal of these authoritative arrangements. In 2011, president Obama felt free to support to implement a no-fly zone arrangement over Libya, as was required by the UN (Dinan, 2006 W6). While President Obama held the view that the enactment didn't give limitations to such activities, a significant number of the US presidents have additionally held a similar perspective, contending that the enactment is against the US constitution. According to the US constitution, the congress is commanded with the forces of pronouncing war, supporting the military and furthermore the spending plan for such wars, and making all the fundamental enactments that administers the execution of such wars. The foundation of administration th en again is commanded to lead the military and repulse any assault that may confront the US (Glen, 2011 p28). As a benefit added to this establishment, the president can consent to or dismiss an assertion of war gave by the congress, as he considers fundamental. In this way, there has been a battle between the congress and the US presidents on the defendability of such arrangements, as accommodated by The War Powers Resolution. This has seen the arrangements sabotaged by the presidents, through taking such war activities without talking with the congress. Along these lines, an inquiry emerges with respect to which organization, among the congress, the Supreme Court and the president is answerable for this disappointment. The disappointment of The War Powers Resolution can be followed to the side of congress. These disappointments are both in the manner the congress established the enactment and in its inability to authorize the ordered law thusly, where it is important to contain th e activities of the presidents (Rumsfeld, 2011 p14). In spite of the fact that some US presidents have completely overruled the arrangements of the enactment, there is a likelihood that the congress could nave contained such sabotaging, through their authoritative and subsequent authorization powers. Along these lines, despite the fact that the organization of administration can be accused for such disappointments through sabotaging the essential laws, the congress bears the more prominent weight of disappointment. The significant disappointment of the War Powers Resolution, as an enactment is in its goal, under segment 2a, where the law intended to look for an aggregate judgment in issues relating to wars

Health Matters Customizing Patient Care Research - 550 Words

Health Matters: Customizing Patient Care Research (Essay Sample) Content: Health MattersNameUniversityHealth MattersQUESTION 1. What do you see as the conflicts between customizing patient care to the needs of an individual patient and standardizing care based on research?Health institutions have always been improving their services in order to have the most efficient services for the sake of the patients and the rest of the stakeholders in the sector. The professionals in the sector will have a better working environment and will have more patients who are satisfied with their service delivery. The patients on the other side will have more ways and a higher number of illnesses being managed in the best ways possible. This paper will look at the conflicts that arise in focusing patient care to the needs of individual patients as opposed to research findings.One of the first aspects is the cost in focusing on the two opposing sides. When concentrating on the individual it will be observed that they have always been looking at the cost rather than what will be realized at the end of the process. This means that to get a higher number of patients visiting the facility, it will be important to select modes of treatment that are affordable to most of them (Sim Wright, 2002). If we are to look at research, most of its findings may give what can work for particular healthcare needs but not affordable to most.There are situations where we may need to take care of diverse populations and if we are to use the standardized modes then these may not address their cultural beliefs and we may end up locking patients subscribing to peculiar beliefs out of the facility (Mallett et al., 2013). If we address the individual needs then we will be in a position to address the individual different needs and hence have such persons seeking the services from the health facility.It will be important for the health facility to aspire for a balance between the two for there to be an ideal facility that will deal with patients across the board.Q UESTION 2. What levels of evidence are present in relation to research and practice and why are they important regardless of the method you use?Research and practice as two different terms when it comes to health matters and it follows from these that there is evidence based research and practice based research. Evidence based practice concerns itself with the use of proof from the current known methods and systems in arriving at the modes to use in the delivery of health care to the customers. Evidence based research on the other hand will be the delivery of health care to patients or making decisions through the integrating the clinical expertise, the patient ideals and proof from research.In these methods the evidence is present through the use of known tests which are used to put down the findings on what is taking place. From the clinical records the professionals are in a position to analyze trends like arising illnesses, variants and the effect of various methods of managemen t on these different types of illnesses (Hall Rouseel, 2014). With time there are companies that have been coming up with new forms of medication from and from the evidence available from the health fa...

Drug Addiction Drugs And Drugs - 1017 Words

In today’s society, it is now normal to know somebody who has a drug addiction especially to opiates. A drug addiction is a mental disorder that the person can no longer control their actions. The person addicted to the drug will no longer care about the outcome of their actions as long as they can get that high they are seeking. **from textbook pg. 303** â€Å"Opioids are classified as narcotics- strongly addictive drugs that have pain relieving and sleep-inducing properties. Opioids include both naturally occurring opiates (morphine, heroin, codeine) derived from the poppy plant and synthetic drugs (Demerol, Vicodin) that have opiate-like effects.† A person who is addicted to a drug, especially opiates, may try to cut back or even stop†¦show more content†¦Of course it has negative things associated with it itself. Methadone is also addicting, so the person who is using it can easily abuse it. If methadone is used as prescribed, it does not create that high feeling and there is not a possibility of the person becoming addicted to it. The person using methadone would have to take higher dosages purposely than suggested, they would get a high feeling, and just like their original drug addiction to opiates, they could then become addicted to methadone. The most common treatment plan would be an inpatient residential treatment plan. **from website** â€Å"Licensed residential treatment facilities offer 24-hour structured and intensive care, including safe housing and medical attention. Residential treatment facilities may use a variety of therapeutic approaches, and they are generally aimed at helping the patient live a drug-free, crime-free lifestyle after treatment.† Normally if you go into the treatment facilities it is either short term that is on an average 90 days or more long term stays from 6 months to a year. This type of treatment plan is the best in my opinion and the most successful. The drug addict would have 24-hour observation, drug screening, counseling including group and private. Also in these facilities, the drug addict would have medical personal their 24/7 also in case of health care emergencies. The specific goals a person should reach with this type of treatment plan are stopping the use of drugs,Show MoreRelatedDrug Addiction : Drugs And Drugs Essay744 Words   |  3 PagesWhen people first hear the word drug, they think of illicit drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine. They also think about the user and sometimes why they use. One thing that is overlooked by the public is the treatment programs that are available to drug users. There is a stigma in our society around drug use that is very negative. Many believe that people that do drugs do them just to do them and even if this is true in some cases, no one wakes up one morning and decides that today is the dayRead MoreDrug Addiction : Drugs And Drugs1363 Words   |  6 PagesDrug Addiction According to National Institute on Drug Abuse, iIn 2013, a survey reported that an estimated 24.6 million Americans aged 12 or older had used an illegal drug in the past month. The first time someone uses a drug, it is usually voluntary. This first use is usually to mask certain emotions that they are currently going through. Repeated use can lead to changes in the brain that challenge an addict’s self control and interfere with their ability to resist the temptation of a drug, thisRead MoreDrug Addiction : Drugs And Drugs1599 Words   |  7 PagesDrug Addiction Drugs is one of the biggest problems that the world has. It is everywhere in the world and it is one of the most common problems that the government wants to overcome. Many people have become addicted and that’s one of the many causes why many of the drug addicts lose their families. Having an addiction takes time to control within yourself. There are centers of rehabilitation that are very helpful and could show how to overcome a drug addiction. Getting help from others can by helpfulRead MoreDrug Addiction and Drugs1219 Words   |  5 PagesDrugs Addiction Miami Beach Senior High Ashley Gonzalez Ms. Cooper/Mr.Sussman English II-Period Three 06 March 2013 Drugs Addiction Topic and Thesis Statement Miami Beach Senior High Topic: Drugs Thesis Statement: In an examination of drugs I will discuss causes of this disease/or social dilemma. I will also discuss the effect of drugs on individuals, families and society. Read MoreThe Drug Of Drug Addiction Essay1270 Words   |  6 Pagesmy older brother struggle with drug addiction has taught me more in my life than anything else. He was a smart kid with a good head on his shoulders.   As he grew older he made some unwise choices with regard to substance abuse that quickly turned into a full blown addiction lasting over five years and landed him in and out of four different rehabs.   He was striving to get clean, but every time he took one step forward he fell three steps back.   Taylor entered Drug Court, after finding himself inRead MoreThe Drug Of Drug Addiction2146 Words   |  9 PagesCounty realized that simply sending drug addicted offenders to prison often meant these same faces would reappear back in court shortly after being released on parole. They realized that the drug addiction crisis in their community might be the cause. These professionals attempted to figure out a way to treat this individuals in order to help them rejoin s ociety instead of being stuck in a cycle of reoffending. They worked together to establish the first Drug Treatment Court. This program was theRead MoreThe Drug Of Drug Addiction1932 Words   |  8 PagesDrug Addiction is a problem all around the world that affects families, friends and strangers. It all starts with one puff, snort or drink. There are several different drugs in the world that have affected people with drug abuse. There are two different common drug abuses. Long and Short term drug abuse. There are also many different drugs. Pain Pills are a very common drug that is used in society these days. Most pain pill drug addictions are long term. A long term drug addiction can put a varietyRead MoreDrug Addiction : Drugs And Drug Abuse Essay1615 Words   |  7 Pages this drug is extremely addictive and has been illegal in the United States for many years. Although many individuals seem to discover a way to obtain this very lethal drug. Even though, heroin is highly addictive and used by choice by an individual with a drug addiction; the number of deaths from Heroin is escalating daily, to the point where more than 26 overdoses in one day maybe even more. This epidemic needs to be put to a halt. Despite the fact the focus was on prescription addiction increaseRead MoreDrug Abuse And Drug Addiction1257 Words   |  6 Pages Drugs had been existing since the early 15th century and society has confronted drug abuse and addiction ever since. In the modern world, drug abuse has become a problem for many individuals do to traumatic experiences, mental disorders, peer pressure and personal problems. For every addiction there is always a solution, professional assistance can help a drug addict get control of his/her life once again. Drug rehabilitation programs can be essential for drug addicts only if the victims are committedRead MoreDrug Addiction : Drugs And Heroin Addiction1130 Words   |  5 PagesThe arguments for whether or not to prescribe heroin to treat heroin addictions are controversial. Henden and Baeroe (2015) state both sides of the arguments being that some believe â€Å"it is in the nature of heroin addiction for individuals to lose their ability to resist their desire for heroin,† which knowing the nature of chemical dependency, heroin addicts would not refuse any heroin, so it stil l possibly an invalid consent to research participation as they did not have a free choice to really

The Hawthorne Effect - 716 Words

University of Phoenix Material TEAM C The Hawthorne Effect History and definition of Hawthorne Effect | The Hawthorne Effect was first discovered in the 1920s and 1930s, during a research program studying productivity among workers at the Western Electrical Company’s Hawthorne Works in Chicago (McCartney et. al, 2007). It was observed that no matter what circumstantial changes were made, the productivity of the workers increased. This observation was hypothesized as workers performance increased due to an increase of individual attention. In today’s research, the Hawthorne effect is a form of reactivity where individuals alter their behavior to highlight improved aspects of their characteristics during observation. | Example†¦show more content†¦| Strategies to avoid the Hawthorne Effect (at least two) | The Hawthorne Effect appears when we measure employee attitudes or behaviors – when people know they’re being measured, they modify their behavior.One strategy to avoid the Hawthorne Effect would be by r educing the overall measurement effort and accounting for Hawthorne distortion, one can measure less and get a lot more value from the effort. Here are three keys to effective measurement: * Measure what is objectively measurable. Judgment isn’t only objectively measurable. * Measure only what you hope to control. Have in mind actions you can take that directly influence trends in whatever you measure. * Understand the Hawthorne Effect: if people know they’re being measured, they alter their behavior to optimize the measurement (Brenner, 2012).Another strategy to avoid the Hawthorne Effect is by simply doing any measurement by discretion. To do this simply take measurements that are outside the awareness of most of the employees. Depending on the situation, the interpretation can give you some results very clearly or the specific situation. Things to measure are: * Voluntary turnover rate * Company Facebook complaint gripes * Number of sick days and va cation days used (percentage) * Employee Fueds * Percentage of Lateness of employees in days/dollars (Brenner,Show MoreRelatedHawthorne Effect1192 Words   |  5 Pagesthat it was up to the managers to analysis tasks at hand to identify whether or not they could be performed more effectively. One of the most criticised and controversial investigations ever undertaken on workplace relations was known as the Hawthorne Effect. These studies were undertaken at the Bell Telephone Western Electric Manufacturing Plant in Chicago. The studies began in 1924 and continued through until the Depression in 1932. The purpose of the studies was to gain an insight on whether aRead MoreThe Hawthorne s Effect On Human Relations1506 Words   |  7 PagesSummary of Concept The Hawthorne effect is the tendency when people are monitored, watched, or treated differently within a setting they tend to work harder. They may change their behavior due to the attention they are receiving from supervisors rather than manipulation of independent variables. The Hawthorne test studies began in 1924-1933 in three stages at Western Electric Company in Cicero, Illinois. Under the supervision of Elton Mayo, who was an industrial research professor at Harvard UniversityRead MoreAnalysis Of The Experiment Management And The Worker 1485 Words   |  6 Pagesthe experiment report â€Å"management and the worker† in 1939(Gillespie, 1991) the Hawthorne studies have been playing an important role in management, psychology and sociology. Hawthorne studies were the foundation for the modern day management thinking. Hawthorne studies have been subject to many criticisms but it produced the fundamental changes in the development of management thoughts. The great contribu tion Hawthorne studies made to the development of modern management these experiments are identifiedRead MoreImpact Of Management On The Development Of Organizational Behaviour1632 Words   |  7 PagesThe Hawthorne studies were initiated in 1924 by the management of the Hawthorne plant of the Western Electric Company in Chicago (Levitt List 2011). The Studies are referred to as the â€Å"behavior modifying effects of being the subject of social investigation† (Wickstorm Bendix 2000). The leading man behind the experiments Elton Mayo developed the study to make further inquiry into what factors affect productivity in the workplace. Ever since the studies were conducted between 1927 and 1933 (WickstormRead MoreThe Social Sciences Essay1586 Words   |  7 PagesThe Hawthorne Studies is one of the most well-known series of experiments of the social sciences in industrial history. The objective of the experiments were to establish how an individual is influenced not only by their own abilities, but by their working environment and the people they work with, both fellow workers and supervisors. To gain a better understanding of what the Hawthorne studies were, why they were conducted, and how they have impacted management practices, one must first understandRead MoreElton Mayo Contribution to Management and Hr in Particular.1493 Words   |  6 PagesMANAGEMENT IN PARTICULAR. The Hawthorne Experiments and Human Behavior Elton Mayos studies grew out of preliminary experiments at the Hawthorne plant from 1924 to 1927 on the effect of light on productivity. Those experiments showed no clear connection between productivity and the amount of illumination but researchers began to wonder what kind of changes would influence output. Variables Affecting Productivity Specifically, Elton Mayo wanted to find out what effect fatigue and monotony had on jobRead MoreEssay hawthrone studies892 Words   |  4 Pages Hawthorne Studies The Hawthorne Studies, conducted at Western Electrics Hawthorne plant outside Chicago, starting in 1924 and running through 1936, were intended to bring about a greater understanding of the effects of working conditions on worker productivity. The results of the experiments were contrary to the management theory of the time (Scientific Management), and were key in bringing about an understanding of motivation factors in employment Basically, a series of studies on the productivityRead MoreThe Human Relations Movement Of George Elton Mayo949 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Hawthorne study. Two of the main aspects of the study centered around illumination in the work place and varying levels of break time and work hours (Wickstrà ¶m, 2000). The illumination study consisted of four different experiments over the course of three years. In each experiement, there was a control group and a study group. In the varying studies, the researchers experimented with varying levels of light and varying sequences of increasing and decreasing the level of light (â€Å"Hawthorne effect†)Read MoreEssay about Hawthorne Studies1529 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will review the writings of â€Å"Hawthorne, the myth of the docile worker, and class bias in psychology† an article by D. Bramel and R. Friend. It will then go on to further critique academic articles that both support and disagree with the primary source and demonstrate how the Hawthorne studies have influenced contemporary organizations. The Hawthorne experimental studies conducted at the Western Electric Company Works has attracted considerable amounts of sharp critical scrutiny; itRead MoreHawthorne Studies1495 Words   |  6 Pagesorganisation growth. In 1924, Hawthorne Studies was first initiated by the Western Electrical Company and National Academy of Science to study on the relation of quality and quantity of illumination to efficiency in industry which is known as Illumination studies.(Roethlisberger amp; Dickson, 2003, pg 14). From 1927-1933, a series of experiments were conducted once again at Western Electric Work and analyzed by Professor George Elton Mayo who is famous for Hawthorne Effects after the failure for the

Competitive Environment and Strategy risk - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Environment and Strategy risk. Answer: Introduction Abu Dhabi National Hotels was founded for almost four decades ago and in recent years has evolved as largest hospitality sector whose prime focus was restaurants, hotels, catering and transportation services (Adnh.com 2017). It can be stated that Abu Dhabi National Hotels was founded with the investment of three other hotels which were acquired from the government policies. The financial statement has been prepared by complying with the provisions of UAE laws. It can be stated that by observing the financial statement of Abu Dhabi National Hotels between 2013 and 2017 there has been steady growth in the cash flow section however it can be observed that there is a decline in the profit margin. Figure: 1 [Financial Statement of Abu Dhabi National Hotels]. [Source: Adnh.com. 2017]. It can be observed that after evaluating the abovementioned financial statement, the annual financial statement of the Abu Dhabi National Hotels has been prepared by considering the key ratios. It can be observed that in 2017 there is a gradual decline in revenue rates and operating income. In this context it can be noticed that the working capital has also declined as compared to 2016. FINANCIALS 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 Revenue 1,196 1,322 1,740 1,803 1,749 Gross-Margins 31.3 34.8 34.4 24.1 25.3 Operating Income 293 476 556 419 307 Operating Margin 24.5 36.0 31.9 23.2 17.6 Net Income 293 472 293 433 305 Dividends 0.20 0.20 0.25 Payroll Ratio --- --- --- --- 46.5 Shares 713 720 1,000 1,000 1,000 Operating cash flow 323 383 556 572 449 Free Cash Flow 222 170 556 -56 -1,700 Free Cash Flow Per Share --- --- --- --- -0.06 Working Capital 951 1,020 615 426 145 Figure: 2 [Current Financial Statements of Abu Dhabi National Hotels]. [Source: Created by the Author]. Competitive environment of Abu Dhabi National Hotels: The chain of hotels owned by the Abu Dhabi National Hotels from the very beginning has been attracting huge customers from Emirate and beyond. It can be stated that the company from time immemorial is focused on attracting white collar customers as well as customers from other parts of the world as well (El-Amrousi and Biln 2013). The companies providing tough competition to the Abu Dhabi National Hotels are Kimpton Hotels and Restaurants, Hamilton Island and Vantage Hospitality Group. It can be observed that several issues were faced by the Abu Dhabi National Hotels regarding its competition in the global economy due to the emergence of the number of competitors in the sector of business and leisure (Ahmad and Saber 2015). Figure: 3 [Customer segmentation of Abu Dhabi National Hotels]. [Source: Created by the Author]. Applying the concept of Strategy on the vision of Abu Dhabi National Hotels: The vision of Abu Dhabi National Hotels is: We have been the pioneers of the hospitality industry in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and, for almost four decades, our endeavors have opened numerous avenues for others to follow. The companys strategy has undergone major changes due to recent issues on recession. The management has widely focused on the aggressive expansion strategy and is planning to venture new hotels in its portfolio. It can be stated that the management retained focus on the hospitality sector giving further importance to the promotion of tourism (Henderson 2014). The Abu Dhabi National Hotel in collaboration with the Abu Dhabi Tourism Authority would involve in the promotion of overseas tourism by offering special summer holidays packages in order to attract large number of tourists from the GCC countries (Kumar and Waheed 2014). It was observed that one of the most important tourists market for Abu Dhabi National Hotels are the GCC markets which is expected to expand in near future. Figure 4: [Strategic Plan of the Abu Dhabi National Hotels]. [Source: Created by the Author]. Applying Porters Five Forces to the competitive environment of Abu Dhabi National Hotels: Porters Five Forces Analysis Power 1) Threat of new entrants. The threat is definitely high for a new entrant in the hotel industry because of the presence of many other companies in the global markets. High. 2) Bargaining power of buyers. The customers of UAE do not possess buying power to that extent due to the presence of large number of hotels. Low. 3) Bargaining power of suppliers. The suppliers do not have significant bargaining power. Medium. 4) Threat of substitutes. The threat of substitute products and services are relatively low. Low. 5) Degree of rivalry. Strong competition exists among the established rivals in the market which can prove to be serious threat. High Figure: 5 [Porters Five Forces]. [Source: Created by the Author]. The Abu Dhabi National Hotels is an established industry in United Arab Emirates however such established sector may face threats from new entrants (Ahmad and Saber 2015). It can be stated that on the other hand it becomes quite challenging for the new entrant to enter into the market structure and keep pace with the globally established sectors. In order to survive in the competitive market it is important that new entrants should emerge through merger or acquisition (Henderson 2014). There exists strong completion among different rivals however the most important among them is Burj Al Arab. The threat of substitutes is low in case of hotel industry however Abu Dhabi National Hotels has been providing its customers with various alternatives from time to time (El-Amrousi and Biln 2013). The customer loyalty is high and therefore the threat of substitutes is relatively low. The customers do not have the bargaining power due to the presence of large number of hotel industry in United A rab Emirates (Jasra et al. 2012). The bargaining power of suppliers can be defined in the presence of large number of buyers for any product. In case of Abu Dhabi National Hotels the suppliers can be raw material suppliers or real decorators (Kumar and Waheed 2014). These are the basic requirements and therefore the suppliers do not have significant role in bargaining. Emirates Airlines The Emirates Airlines is based in Dubai and is a subsidiary of the Emirates Group, which is wholly owned by the Government of Dubais Investment Corporation. The Emirates Airlines was founded in 1985, when the Gulf-Air began to cut back its services to Dubai and it is the largest Airlines in the Middle-East (Emirates, 2018). The airline has a route up to 102 countries worldwide and owns 142 fleets at present and provides great and exceptional services (Daft and Albers 2013). In the last 17 years it has earned huge profit and as a result the revenue increased considerable which can be observed in the diagram presented below. The diagram shows the financial performance of the Emirates Airlines since last two years quarterly. Financial Highlights 2016-2017 2014-2015 Change in Percentage Revenue and other operating income 67,394 57,224 17.8 Operating profit 2,606 Operating margin 3.9 3.9 10.9 Profit attributable to the Owner 2,310 2,310 5,951 Profit margin 3.4 3.4 10.4 Return on shareholder funds 7.2 28.4 21.2(pts) Total assets 84,127 17,402 17.8 Cash assets 17,586 16,056 9.5 Employee data ----- ----- ---- Average employee strength 42,422 38,797 9.3 Other results 3.9 10.4 61.2 Figure: 1 [Financial Statement of Emirates Airlines]. [Source: Cdn.ek.aero. 2017]. However, the airline relies heavily on International Onward Moving Traffic and remains under intense pressure, which can be stated as one of the major issues of competition. Moreover, the increasing fuel costs and changing Government policies poses as a major threat to the Emirates Airlines (Uddin, Halbouni and Raj 2014). In recent trends the addition of new and popular destinations and joint venture alliances with International players can improve customer confidence and create new opportunities for this Airline. Competitive Environment The Emirates Airline belongs to a highly competitive environment with other fast growing airlines like Qatar Airways and Etihad Airways. These two airways are rapidly growing and giving high competition to the Emirates Airline (Adler and Gellman 2012). The two airlines provide air tickets for various destinations at a low cost, which are currently attracting many customers. However, the Emirates Airlines has been adopting various cost policy as well to compete with these airlines. Figure: 2 [Revenue rates of Emirates Airline]. [Source: Cdn.ek.aero. 2017]. Applying the Mergers and Acquisition approach in the business strategy of Emirates There are various approaches to strategic business management and one of them is the Mergers and Acquisition approach. The merger and acquisition approach is a business strategy adopted by organizations to increase its revenue. When two organizations enter a merger, they provide their services as one, which results in benefits of both the organizations. The Emirates Airlines, in order to hold its market and profit margins, adopts mergers with other airlines. One of them is the merger with Qantas Airlines. Qantas, in one hand, has been struggling to compete with the other airlines and suffered a loss of $450 million and the merger is likely to increase its earnings by $90 million. For Emirates, the merger with Qantas will help in further expansion of its resources and business and result in increasing the profit margins (Uddin, Halbouni and Raj 2014). Moreover, it will help Emirates in covering various new and popular destinations and access to more customer altogether. This is an effective business strategy as it widens the scope of business and helps in facing the increasing competition worldwide (Daft and Albers 2013). The merger will result in more choices to the customers to fly to destinations including Australia, New Zealand and UK with a choice of 3 hub options namely, Dubai, Perth and Singapore (Jasra et al. 2012). Furthermo re, the combined network offers over 2000 routes for Qantas flyers as well. Transformation Initiative Annual Benefits Improving fleet economics through Reconfiguration $70-90m Deepening and broadening Alliances $20-30m Extra-major loss routes $100-120m Streamlining heavy maintenance and Engineering $70-100m Modernizing catering practices and Airport operations $20-50m Figure: 4 [The objectives of the Emirates-Qantas merger]. [Source: Created by the Author]. Applying the Key Success factors approach on Emirates Airlines competition environment There are certain factors in the airline industry to ensure successful performance. Emirates has adopted this approach for successful business operation however it should ensure that the employees are well trained in order to manage customers and meet their expectations (Kumar and Waheed 2014). Airlines should focus on providing standard products and services to the customers by promoting new and attractive offers. The other factors are maximization of revenue by making new polices on prices, managing expenses, income and investment (Jasra et al. 2012). The Emirates Airlines has focused in all these areas and has been successful in emerging as one of the most popular airlines in the global market. The factors affecting the operational performance of the Emirates Airlines has been explained with the help of the table below. It can be observed that the operating statistics of Emirates have increased in recent years from 2014 to 2015. There has been considerable increase in the Aircraft numbers and the carrying capacity increased from last year to 33,981. Emirates Operating Statistics 2016-2017 2014-2015 Change in Percentage Passengers Carried 33,981 31,442 8.1 Cargo Carried 1,796 1,767 1.6 Passenger Seat Factor 80.0 80.0 --- Overall Capacity 35,467 32,057 10.6 Available Seat Kilometers 200,687 182,757 9.8 Aircraft (number) 169 148 14.2 Figure: 5 [Operational Performance of Emirates Airlines]. [Source: Created by the Author]. The Key Success approach is one of the approaches used for analyzing the competition of an organization. This approach aims at finding certain areas in which satisfactory will ensure and result in successful performance of an organization. In the context of the Airline industry, there are certain key success factors, which are described in the given diagram: People High-caliber staff is required for such service-oriented business. Training programs focusing on front-line, communicative skills with customers and internal employee management problem. Solving customer oriented problems while focusing on improvement objectives are the essential ingredients. Service Product/Promotions The actual product aircraft seating space, aircraft type and the class of service offerings must be competitive. Route System The airline route system is important in evaluating critical success factors. Revenue/Cost Control Maximizing revenue through innovative and competitive pricing schemes would prove to be beneficial in attracting customers. Financial Management In order to measure profitability it is essential to consider net-unit revenue. Figure: 6 [Key Success factors of Airline Industry]. [Source: Created by the Author]. References: Adler, N. and Gellman, A., 2012. Strategies for managing risk in a changing aviation environment.Journal of air transport management,21, pp.24-35. Adnh.com. (2017).Overview - Abu Dhabi National Hotels. Ahmad, S.Z. and Saber, H., 2015. Understanding marketing strategies with particular reference to small-and medium-sized hotel businesses in the United Arab Emirates.Tourism and Hospitality Research,15(2), pp.115-129. Daft, J. and Albers, S., 2013. A conceptual framework for measuring airline business model convergence.Journal of Air Transport Management,28, pp.47-54. El-Amrousi, M. and Biln, J., 2013. Abu Dhabi: Global Changes and Competing Visions of Modernity.GSTF Journal of Engineering Technology (JET),2(2), p.84. Emirates. (2018).Government affairs | About us | Emirates. [online] Available at: https://www.emirates.com/english/about-us/government-affairs.aspx [Accessed 1 Jan. 2018]. Henderson, J.C., 2014. Global Gulf cities and tourism: A review of Abu Dhabi, Doha and Dubai.Tourism Recreation Research,39(1), pp.107-114. Jasra, J.M., Hunjra, A.I., Rehman, A.U., Azam, R.I. and Khan, M.A., 2012. Determinants of business success of small and medium enterprises. Kumar, B.R. and Waheed, K.A., 2014. Determinants of dividend policy: Evidence from GCC market.Accounting and Finance Research,4(1), p.17. Uddin, M.H., Halbouni, S. and Raj, M., 2014. Performance of government-linked firms listed on two stock exchanges of the United Arab Emirates: An empirical study.Emerging Markets Finance and Trade,50(sup1), pp.212-236.

Riordan Manufacturing Case Study

The performance of Riordan Manufacturing greatly depends on its ability to plan the capacity of production and effectiveness of its supply chain. Its facilities are located in San Jose, Albrany Georgia, and Hangzhou; moreover, this organization has to cooperate with a variety of venders. The Chinese division of the company produces electric fans that can be purchased by clients from different countries.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Riordan Manufacturing: specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In order to achieve growth and reduce operational costs, the management of the company should rely on the principles of lean production, in particular the need to decrease the level of inventory and optimize the process of manufacturing. Moreover, Riordan Manufacturing should focus on the time-efficiency of its operations and effective capacity planning. By acting in this way, they can improve their performance. First of all, t he company can estimate the demand for its product and plan its capacity on the basis of sales data collected within the span of several years. Moreover, this organization can obtain information from customers regarding their annual need for fans manufactured by Riordan. Nevertheless, the company also has to determine its demand for materials. Their major task is to keep the levels of inventory low while avoiding undersupply of stocks. This issue is particularly important because Riordan has to meet the timelines set by customers. It should be noted that Riordan requires various materials, but plastic polymers are probably the most important ones. One of the strategies that Riordan can adopt is VMI or Vendor Managed Inventory. This model implies that the supplier takes full responsibility for the timely delivery of plastic polymers. This approach can be successful, in those cases when manufacturers implement information systems that provide the suppliers with the information about t he quantity of materials that they should deliver. If this strategy is successfully adopted, Riordan decrease the amount of materials stored at their facilities and avoid delays. However, low levels of inventory are only one aspect that they should focus on. Secondly, lean production implies that the company can reduce the amount of time to manufacture and delivery the products to the customer. It should be noted that Riordan cooperates with a global courier FedEx and a local Chinese company. They deliver the fans manufactured by Riordan Manufacturing to clients.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The task of the company is to monitor the performance of these delivery companies, especially their ability to adhere to the schedules set by the clients of Riordan. This is another precaution that they should take. In this way, the management of Riordan Manufacturing can gain the loy alty of their customers who rely on the efficiency of the company. Additionally, the managers of Riordan should look at the steps that are necessary to manufacture a fan. People, who design the process of production, should reduce the movement of workers and equipment across manufacturing facility. The elimination of unnecessary procedures is another element of effective production, because it enables company to cut operational costs and improve time-efficiency. This is another step that should be taken. So, Riordan Manufacturing should focus on the following aspects as inventory management, effective work of supply chain, and production processes. These elements are critical for reducing the cost of manufacturing and time-efficiency of the company. The strategies described in the paper will help Riordan Manufacturing become more effective in terms of their organizational performance. This essay on Riordan Manufacturing: was written and submitted by user Brooke C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay on vpa development plan

Essay on vpa development plan Essay on vpa development plan Tasvir Tarh Aryana Printing Plant Establishment Project Summary Iran is one of the most consuming countries in the middle-east with approximately 70 millions of population. Iranian lifestyle, growth in population and living standards, rapid urbanization, diversification of consumer goods has all resulted in higher demand for packaging products. Despite of essential needs in providing high quality packaging for different industries involved in consuming goods manufacturing, unfortunately, there are not some accountable providers of acceptable packaging for the manufacturers in some industrial areas. In the other hand, daily increasing demands of export for Iranian products are forcing the manufacturers to provide their required packaging needs via foreigner supplier in other countries such Turkey, Germany, UAE, etc. The initial idea of Tasvir Tarh Aryana Printing center was based on high demands for providing of different drink bottles labels with some gold and silver effects. With consideration in absence of powerful providers in different field of packaging (paper, board, carton, corrugated board, flexible packaging, labels), the idea for establishment of Tasvir Tarh Aryana printing plant became wider. In the mean time, there are about 1000 companies manufacturing various types of packaging materials in Iran. Most of the companies are medium and small-sized companies, but there are also a few large companies. Actually the majority of companies have not shown good performance in terms of quality and production capacity. There are some main reasons supporting the necessity in establishment of such printing centers in different industrial areas of Iran: Providing with cost-efficient and high quality packaging for different industries Preventing further transferring of currency to abroad Establishing around 100 new career for Iranian professionals Internal sales development of goods which produced inside of the country Development in export of internal-produced goods by supplying high quality packaging Re-export possibility of external-produced goods The main products

A Story About Wwf Essay Research

A Narrative About Wwf Essay, Research Paper A narrative about WWF # 8220 ; Welcome everybody to Raw IS War! Tonight s chief event is Biting poetries Shawn Michaels for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship. Before we begin, here is a small information on the rival, Sting, # 8221 ; announced Vince McCann. # 8220 ; He hails from Death Valley, California. At 7 pess tall and over 300 lbs, he is the biggest grappler in the WWF. He is the Man from the dark side, # 8221 ; Jim Ross stated. # 8220 ; Ladies and Gentlemen # 8230 ; .. here is your rival # 8230 ; # 8230 ; .. Biting! # 8221 ; The crowd cheers as Biting walks down the incline. He is stopped at the underside of the incline to be interviewed by Gene Oakerland. # 8220 ; Sting, if I can inquire you one inquiry. Why do you desire the rubric so severely? # 8221 ; # 8221 ; Well Gene, of all time since I was a kid, the title belt has been held by disrespecting perverts. I feel it s clip for a existent title-holder get the belt. That is why I m here, I m the people s cham # 8230 ; .. # 8221 ; Before biting could complete his sentence he is attacked by HHH. HHH s spouse distracted the referee long plenty for him to present the lay waste toing Piledriver. With Biting s caput exposed, HHH drops to the land and drives Biting s exposed caput on the cement floor. The force was plenty to interrupt his cervix. Sting was knocked out from the force of the impact. When he awoke, he was in an ambulance. # 8220 ; Where am I? Person please state me where I am, # 8221 ; Biting pleaded. The paramedic treated him to quiet down. # 8220 ; I can t move! I can t travel # 8221 ; he would state. It took about half an hr to Sharp Hospital. Two physicians were waiting for him when he arrived. The instantly took him to the operating room. It was here that Biting found out that he had suffer ed a broken spinal column. The physician ordered an experimental operation. It was a extremely unsafe operation. One muss up could kill the ace. It took five hours to finish the hard operation. Sting was wheeled into his private room. To do him experience more at place, the room was decorated with WWF ware. When Biting woke up, he had a crisp hurting in his cervix. The physician gave him some medical specialty to assist. It worked a small spot. About three hours after he woke up, a physician came in and told him that he likely neer be able to wrestle once more. Biting bosom sunk. He didn T privation to hear that. It was approximately seven in the forenoon when Biting went to kip. It had been about 10 hours since he arrived at the infirmary. For the first two months, all he did was slumber. The medical specialty they were giving him doing him really sleepy. When he was awake, he would travel his manus a small. The little motion of his custodies made the physicians highly happy. They now were certain that he wasn t paralyzed. It took him another 4s months before he could travel his arm absolutely. With the assurance he had gained, he tried to walk out of bed. Equally shortly as he was off the bed, he feel level on his face. Biting was shortly transferred to the San Diego Rehabilitation Center. For the first few months, he would merely sit in bed thought of ways to acquire back HHH. One Sunday, he happened to watch church on t.v. He saw a adult male who claimed that God cured him of palsy. Biting started to pray instantly. # 8220 ; Dear Lord, It s me Sting. I know you are truly busy and all but if you could, I would truly wish to wrestle once more. Amen. # 8221 ; Biting recited this supplication for the following two hebdomads. On the 15th twenty-four hours, he tried to travel his pess

Housing crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 10

Housing crisis - Essay Example Eventually, homeowners fell into foreclosure and delinquency. These mortgages failed to yield returns to lenders, making institutions reluctant to re-evaluate their assets that could dispose of their insolvency. Lack of institutions to purchase loans made the market to freeze making lenders to incur losses they could not absorb. The collapse of the housing market has been blamed on many participants such as potential homeowners, lenders, investors, hedge funds and government interference (Smith & Susan 126). Lenders are responsible for the housing bubble in the United States. They were responsible for lending funds to poor credit people with a great risk of default. The flooding of the market with capital liquidity by the central bank lowered the rate of interest and depressed risk premiums while investors sought opportunities that are risky in bolstering their returns for investment. Lenders at this point had adequate capital for lending and were willing to indulge in more risk to e nable their realization of increased investment returns (Fried 11). Government The housing bubble started with the efforts of the government to expand homeownership to people. The legislation enacted by authorities required investors of government-backed mortgages such as Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, to guarantee loans to people with poor or no credit and incapable of making down payments. This policy of the Federal Reserve enabled interest rates to maintain lower levels. This eventually made house investments more attractive. Increase in prices compelled mortgage banks to relax standards of lending further. This made prices for homes to increase until the housing bubble began (Smith & Susan 131). Homeowners Potential homebuyers viewed homeownership as a less risky investment. Incentives provided by lending institutions led to the issuance of subprime loans with varying interest rates to households with no or poor credit histories. With the increased demand for houses, prices rose an d more homes built and availed in the market. They believed in price appreciation that would allow them to refinance at relatively lower rates. However, housing bubble erupted and prices reduced significantly. The rest of their mortgages made most of the homeowners incapable of refinancing their mortgages to lower rates since no equity was created as prices for houses fell. The homeowners decided to set their mortgage interests higher making them unaffordable. Most of them had no alternative than to default on mortgages (Fried 14). Investors are to blame for the collapse of housing market just as homeowners. This is because they invested in collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) and were willing to buy them at very low rates over bonds. The lower rates are responsible for the increased demand for subprime loans. Investors bear the blame for the housing bubble since it was their obligation to be diligent while investing and failed to make viable expectations (Fried 23). Banks The len ders increased use of the secondary mortgage market led to increased subprime loans originated by lenders. Instead of holding onto these mortgages in books, lenders sold their mortgages in the secondary market and collected fees that originated from these market. More capital for lending circulated all over eventually increasing liquidity. Demand for mortgages emerged from the availability of assets that accumulated to form securities such as CDOs.

Exam - 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Exam - 1 - Essay Example It is now possible for companies to share communication with their customers and partners, through interactive means such as the web browsers, while also combining technologies from different vendors without experiencing problems (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:286). The cost involved in implementing better-performing technologies has drastically reduced, since there is now more competition among the vendors, thus reducing the prices of their products (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:286). The drivers of those changes include global internet access. The immense growth in internet has made it possible and easier to access varied computer applications regardless of where they are hosted, thus making software access easier and inexpensive (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:288). Additionally, reduced lead time to market and the norm of 24-hour operations for businesses have served to improve the accessibility of diverse technologies, since the competition between vendors has reduced the time involved in delivering such products to the market. Skills shortage has also served to drive the changes in IT service model, since the shortage of qualified IT experts has forced business to continuously demand improved capabilities from the professionals, which has in turn served to deliver new products (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:288). The new service models are servers housed locally, which serves to enhance the physical proximity between the location of server machines and places where people are using the software, an aspect that has in itself, brought about more efficiency (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:287). Further, the new service models entail software designed for high geographical distance operations, making it possible for the storage of files and documents in one geographical location, and the access and use of the same

Hamlet Essay example -- Essays Papers

HAMLET HAMLET SUMMARY OF THE PLAY Act I, Scene i: The play begins on the outer ramparts of Elsinore castle. It is late and Bernardo, a guard, is on duty waiting for Francisco to relieve him from his watch. Bernardo is nervous because the previous two nights he and Francisco have seen a figure who appears to be the ghost of the recently deceased king wandering around. Francisco approaches, accompanied by Horatio (Hamlet's only friend and confident). Even though Horatio dismisses the idea of a ghost, the guards start to retell the previous nights' encounters. As the guards begin, the ghost appears before them- much to Horatio's surprise. The guards urge Horatio to speak with the ghost. Because Horatio is a student, they feel he should be able to communicate with the ghost, and their previous attempts to talk with it have failed. Horatio's attempts also fail. The scene ends with Horatio stating that he will go and inform his friend Hamlet of these incredible events. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Act I, Scene ii: This scene opens in contrast to the first scene. The first scene takes place on the dark, cold isolated ramparts; this scene begins in a brightly lit court, with the new king, Claudius, celebrating his recent wedding to his new wife, Gertrude. Everyone in the court appears happy and joyful, except one character who is sitting off to the side. He is dressed in black, the colour of mourning, and does not like what he sees. The lone figure is Hamlet, the main character of the play. He is wearing black because it has been only two months since his father, Hamlet senior the ghost on the battlements, died and he still is mourning his father's death. To further upset Hamlet, Claudius' new bride is Hamlet's mother, Gertrude. Hamlet is upset because his mother married Claudius so soon after becoming a widow. To add to all the injustices Hamlet is feeling at this time, Claudius is also related to Hamlet. Hamlet's uncle is now his father-in-law and Gertrude's brother-in-law is now her husband. Claudius conducts several pieces of business during the beginning of this scene. He first tries to take measures to prevent a war with Norway, then discusses Laertes' request to leave court and go back to school. Claudius agrees with Polonius, Laertes' father, that Laertes' plan of going back to school is a good one. H... ...ed on to England. The note also tells Horatio that Hamlet has an incredible story to tell him when he arrives back tomorrow, a story that will make Horatio "dumb". Text: Act IV, Scene vi --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Act IV, Scene vii: Claudius convinces Laertes that he is innocent in Laertes' father's death and that Hamlet is to blame. A messenger enters with Hamlet's letter and Claudius is amazed to find that Hamlet is still alive. Claudius reads the letter to Laertes. Hamlet is writing to inform the King that he has returned to Denmark and tha he wishes to meet with Claudius tomorrow. Claudius, concerned about Hamlet's untimely return, advises Laertes to have a dueling match with Hamlet. In this match, Claudius plans to have Laertes kill Hamlet. They plan to cover the tip of Laertes's sword with poison. Once Hamlet is struck with the sword, he will die. Hamlet's death will end Claudius' worries about anyone finding out about his involvement in his brother's death. To further ensure Hamlet's demise, Claudius intends to present Hamlet, if he scores the first "hit", with a poisoned goblet of wine. This way, Hamlet will be kille.

Race, ethnicity, prejudice: white Australia policy Essay

This paper is divided into two parts. In the first part the concepts or race, ethnicity, prejudice and racism are defined and how they are connected is discussed. Part 2 of the paper looks at the ‘White Australia’ policy and why it was introduced. The impact of such a racist immigration history on contemporary Australia is also discussed in terms of attitudes and behaviours of the population. Following is a brief discussion on how successive government policies and non-government organisations have tried to deal with and eradicate racism and discrimination against minority groups in Australia since the ‘White Australia’ policy was abolished in the 1940’s. Lastly, the tensions that remain today in multicultural Australia are explored. Part 1 What is race? During the late 18th and early 19th centuries it was thought that humans could be divided into different groups according to their biological makeup, or alternatively, their race. The term ‘race’ focused more on common features that were shared among a single species, rather than placing emphasis on the characteristics which divide us (Cohen & Kennedy, 2007; Giddens, 2001). The emerging theories of race were used to justify the rising social order as England along with other European nations became imperial powers. It was thought that there were three main race categories, white, black and yellow, with the white race being the superior race (Giddens, 2001). Today, sociologists reject the idea of racial hierarchy amongst humankind and propose that ‘race’ is â€Å"a social construct related to the ways that people and cultures interpret, and react to, minor physical differences† (Van Krieken, Habibis, Smith, Hutchins, Haralambos & Holborn, 2006, p. 264). The idea of significant biological differences has been debunked in contemporary sociology and the notion replaced with the emergence of ethnicity. What is ethnicity? The idea of ‘race’ is a social construct based on innate physical differences, while ‘ethnicity’ is purely social in meaning based on less obvious differences such as social markers of culture, language, religion, style of dress and nationality (Giddens, 2001; Cohen & Kennedy, 2007; Van Krieken et al, 2010; Matsumoto & Juang, 2004). In other words, it looks at how one group of people are distinguishable from another based on differences that are learned. In practice, ethnic labels almost always apply to minority groups within a society. This is problematic in the sense that it poses a risk of separation between ‘us’ and ‘them’ (Giddens, 2001; Van Krieken et al, 2010). Another problem is that ethnic groupings are often too generic. In Australia, for example, we might speak of a Muslim ethnic group or the Muslim community. ‘Muslim’, therefore, becomes one category which in fact holds a number of subgroups itself which does not get acknowledged. Another issue arising from ethnic grouping is that labels are usually given to the minority, when in fact, we are all ethnic regardless of if we belong to an ethnic minority or majority. What is prejudice? Prejudice â€Å"refers to opinions or attitudes held by members of one groups towards another† (Giddens, 2001, p. 250). These opinions and attitudes are usually based on preconceived views based on stereotypes rather than evidence and are hard to change even when presented with evidence stating otherwise (McConnochie, Hollinsworth & Pettman, 1988). Prejudice is based on internal beliefs and when those beliefs lead to a particular behaviour as a result it turns into discrimination. For example, if people are denied the same opportunities, such as gaining employment, based on their skin colour, their ethnicity or disability as a result of prejudice, prejudice becomes discrimination. What is racism? When we speak of race, ethnicity and prejudice we are intrinsically linking racism as well. Racism is prejudice taken another step further. In contrast to prejudice, racism is based on perceived cultural superiority, which is itself based on perceived genetic superiority (McConnochie et al, 1988). There are two forms of racism: individual and institutional. Individual racism involves one-on-one scenarios where racist attitudes are expressed based on a particular individuals belief towards another. For example, one person might be of the opinion that all Aboriginal’s are dirty, and therefore, be racist to an Aboriginal when they are walking down the street, at school or work. Institutional racism on the other hand is far broader in context and more complex. It refers to the ways in which racism has infiltrated into social institutions which govern, discriminate and oppress various groups within that society based on their race (McConnochie et al, 1988). These institutions within our societies, such as schools and healthcare services, use racism in a systematic manner which favours one group over all the others. Although racism as a notion is the same for both individual and institutional purposes, the consequences of the two are vastly different. Sociologists have argued that in the recent years racism has shifted from excluding groups on a biological basis, to more of a cultural basis of difference (Giddens, 2001; Van Krieken et al, 2010). In this new wave of racism there are clearly underlying political dimensions. Part 2 The White Australia Policy (1880’s – 1940’s) Australia as we know it today is a result of careful political planning and construction to create a particular kind of society. From early European settlers until the late 19th century Australia had an open immigration policy (Cope, Castles & Kalantzis, 1991). Everyone was welcome and encouraged to come as populating the land was the primary concern. However, immigration legislation changed as unemployment rates started rising and fears of over population from the Chinese was ignited. As a result, the White Australia policy was introduced in 1980 and lasted through to early 1940’s (Van Krieken et al, 2010; Jupp, 2002). Economic and cultural reasons were the main reasons for introducing the White Australia policy (Windschuttle, 2005). Social cohesion was a real concern at the time and it was believed that solidarity could not be maintained with so many ‘inferior’ races populating the nation. It was believed that, in accordance to Darwin’s theory of evolution, the fittest race will survive and the weakest would be eliminated accordingly. These were the main underlying rationales for keeping Australia as ‘pure’ as possible. Impact of Australia’s Immigration history on the attitudes and behaviours of contemporary Australians As contemporary Australia becomes more diverse, racist attitudes embedded from immigration history and previous policies can still be felt. Expression of racism through attitudes and behaviours has taken on new form. Contemporary expressions of racism tend to be focused on national identity and nationhood rather than genetic superiority, and tend to also be fuelled by the popular media. Once again, the concern appears to be on social cohesion and the belief that minority groups place the cohesion and national identity at risk, showing remnants of the White Australia policy. Inherent racist beliefs and attitudes expressed today are targeted towards minority groups who potentially are the most disadvantaged. Measures taken by the government to address this disadvantage is seen as an unfair privileged treatment at the expense of the majority. Examples of this include opposition towards action policies promoting Indigenous Australians into certain jobs and provision of English language support to newcomers. Attempts at eradicating racism and discrimination against minority groups and individuals since the end of the White Australia policy Assimilation lasted from the 1940’s until the mid 1960’s. This new policy adopted the assumptions from the White Australia policy on preserving the society as homogenous in order to keep cohesion and harmoniousness. It meant that immigrants should absorb themselves into mainstream culture as quickly as possible and become as ‘Australian’ as possible (Van Krieken et al, 2010; Cope et al, 1991). Government policies were put into place for English language lessons, which were at the centre of the policy, along with services to help migrants find employment and help them out with housing upon their arrival (Van Krieken et al, 2010). In other words, the main emphasis of the assimilation policy was to make ‘them’ look like ‘us’ as much and as quickly as possible. Integration followed on from assimilation and lasted from the mid 1960’s to the early 1970’s. The expectations of the assimilation policy and the evident reality were rather different and as a result the integration approach appeared. The government shifted focus from making ‘them’ like ‘us’ to educating the Australian public to accept and welcome the new changes and the need to change attitudes to be less fearful and negative to more tolerant. With new policies developed at the time, overall differences were welcomed and encouraged into the public domain. By the early to mid 1970’s multiculturalism was introduced as an attempt to ease some of the tensions and anxieties and started the shift from British focused immigration. The Racial Discrimination Act was introduced in 1975 and racism was officially legislated against. Under the new RDA it became against the law to discriminate in areas such as housing, employment and provision of services. By the 1980’s, multiculturalism was being redefined, and the emphasis of the concept was equity across the board for all individuals in Australia irrespective of their background (Van Krieken et al, 2010). Multiculturalism was a concept encompassing the need for unity, inclusion, tolerance, acceptance and equality. What tensions remain today in multicultural Australia? Despite the push by the government for all residents to identify as an Australian and work together to develop a national identity, whilst providing equal opportunities and access across the board, it hasn’t been an easy journey to date. At the core of the issue of Australia as a multicultural nation is national identity. Defining what it means to be ‘Australian’ has been problematic over the years and has usually reflected political movements. Remnants of White Australia policy can still, however, be felt in today’s society as they are expressed through traditional racist attitudes and beliefs and are sometimes the cause of racial attacks, segregation and anxiety of minority groups. Moreover, tension exists on a number of other issues including the feeling of displacement for migrants of non-English-speaking background who after some time do not identify with the Australian national identity nor with their mother-land (Jupp, 2002). They face a number of adjustment issues as well such as struggling to gain employment. Other issues still relevant in multicultural Australia include limited inclusion of Indigenous issues within the policies, tension in relation to Asian immigration, the extent to which different value and belief systems are accepted and allowed for, the uncertainty of the role and nature of ethnic and minority groups within the broader mainstream society, the correlation of class, gender and ethnicity, the conflict between inclusion and tolerance and the currently hot debated issue on asylum seekers (Jupp, 2002; Van Krieken et al, 2010). In conclusion, whilst multiculturalism has certainly been a step forward and progressive thus far in unifying all Australian citizens as one there is still a long way to go before the ideal is achieved. More research is needed in areas that affect minority groups and the daily issues they are faced with based on their gender, age and ethnicity. The findings need to be considered and used when in writing new policies for the nation. While there is no easy answer to any of the issues Australia is faced with today, a new form of multiculturalism with an even bigger focus on unity, respect and mindfulness is needed in progressing forward. Refrences Cope, B. , Castles, S. , & Kalantzis, M. (1991). Historical overview of the assumptions about the relationship between immigration and social cohesion. In Immigration, ethnic conflict and social cohesion (Ch. 2, pp. 3 – 19). Centre for Multicultural Studies, University of Wollongong, Canberra: AGPS. Cohen, R. & Kennedy, P. (2007). Social Inequalities: Gender, Race and Class. In Global Sociology. (2nd edition, Ch 6, pp 157 – 162). Giddens, A. (2001). Race, Ethnicity and Migration. In Sociology. (4th edition, Ch 9, pp 244 – 277). Cambridge: Polity Press. Jupp, J. (2002). From White Australia to Woomera: The Story of Australian Immigration. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. McConnochie, K. , Hollinsworth, D. , & Pettman, J. (1988). Race and racism in Australia. Wentworth Falls, NSW: Macleay Press. Matsumoto, D. & Juang, L. (2004) Culture and psychology (3rd ed. ). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Van Krieken, R. , Habibis, D. , Smith, P. , Hutchins, B. , Haralambos, M. , & Holborn, M. (Eds. ). (2006). Sociology. Themes and Perspectives. (3rd ed. ). Frenchs Forest: Pearson Longman. Van Krieken, R. et al (2010). Identities: Indigenous, National, Ethnic and Racial. In Sociology. (4th edition, Ch 8, pp 256 – 282). Sydney: Pearson. Windschuttle. K. (2005). The White Australia policy. Sydney Papers, 17(3-4), 129-134.

Hegemonic Masculinity Masculinity And Masculinity

Introduction In today’s North American society it is in the interest of most boys to be able to pursue an image that will help them fit in, whether it is at school, at home, or with their peers. In this case that image is usually hegemonic masculinity. Hegemonic masculinity may be defined as the ‘macho man’ seen vastly in today’s media; he is tough, smart, good at sports, gets all of the girls but yet, is sexist towards them. There is a constant fear of being emasculated by peers making most boys believe that in order to keep their masculine image, violence will help reassure that. It is in society’s best interest that as many boys as possible acquire the hegemonic masculinity image. From a young age it is common to see boys fighting on a playground, playing with toy guns, and using profound threats; however, parents, teachers, and other members of society often fail to stop these actions because they instead accept them as the norm and claim that â €˜boys will be boys’. It is evident that violence plays a huge role in shaping one’s masculine image. This paper will address the many different possible causes as to what may influence an individual to become violent, by analyzing the different agents of socialization, psychological, anthropological, and social theories. I will also relate it to my personal experience as being both the victim and perpetrator to violence and what factors were used to cause such delinquent acts. By doing so, it will be concluded that theShow MoreRelatedHegemonic Masculinity : Masculinity And Masculinity1092 Words   |  5 Pagesexplores ‘hegemonic masculinity’ and ‘the field of masculinity’ depicted in this film. ‘Hegemonic masculinity’, which is proposed by Connell (1987), is assumed to ‘the pattern of practice (i.e., things done, not just a set of role expectations or an identity) that allowed men’s dominance over women to contin ue.’ (Connell and Messerschmidt 2005, p.832) However, hegemonic masculinity has strong influence not only over women, but also over other men as Demetriou (2001, p.341) states. Hegemonic masculinityRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity : Masculinity And Masculinity2351 Words   |  10 PagesWhat is hegemonic masculinity? What are the merits and shortcomings of this concept? In Connell’s original conception, hegemonic masculinity can be understood as ‘the pattern of practice that allowed men’s dominance over women’ (1987). Hegemonic masculinity is the exclusive masculinity of which only a few exhibit. The majority of men in fact experience complicit masculinity, allowing them to dominate in the patriarchal system in which it created. Connell (1987) believed it was this that createdRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity Essay1114 Words   |  5 Pagesthan not people get their ideas of masculinity from the shows and movies they watch throughout their lives. In the article Hegemonic masculinity in media contents, by Peter J. Kareithi, he focuses much more specifically on how the media has presented it to the public, and less of the why, and how it started. The paper by Connell and Messerschmidt, Hegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the Concept, does a much better job at explaining the history of hegemonic masculinity and how it came to be. Though togetherRead MoreThe Problems Associated With Hegemonic Masculinity Essay2081 Words   |  9 PagesPROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY IN SOCIETY Introduction The discourse of hegemonic masculinity was recently explored to understand the power of men in society (Connell Messerschmidt, 2005). For centuries, men have taken a dominant gender role in society. This has resulted in the oppression of women and the subordination of men who do not confine to the ‘masculine’ norms (Connell Messerschmidt, 2005). This essay explores the discourse of hegemonic masculinity by explaining how it isRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity : Characters And Plot Of The Popular Sitcom Two And A Half Men1720 Words   |  7 Pageshow the production of hegemonic masculinity and subordinate masculinity in the show reinforce the idea of hegemonic masculinity as the only real form of manliness accepted by society’s standards of an â€Å"ideal man.† Effeminate masculinity, a subordinate form of masculinity, is not represented in the show in a positive light rather, it is mocked. The characters that play these roles are Charlie, who plays the hype r masculine role, and Alan, who plays the effeminate masculinity role. Alan’s role is inferiorRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity : Masculinity And Masculinity926 Words   |  4 PagesMultiple Masculinities The certain qualities a man processes plays into how masculine he is rated to be. The way he portrays himself in his looks, actions and everyday life paints a bigger picture for the type of male he is. Connell argues that hegemonic masculinity is the ultimate goal that men strive for. Hegemonic masculinity is the idea of men being powerful, strong and dominant. Not many people actually live up to this theory, but nearly all men strive to achieve it. Marginalized masculinity andRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity : Masculinity And Masculinity1169 Words   |  5 PagesHegemonic Masculinity Hegemonic Masculinity is a concept which was first introduced as an attempt to understand and counter-balance gender divisions (Duncanson 2015). Hegemony can be understood as the the control of power and the formation and destruction of social groups, in which the ruling class is able to establish and maintain their domination, an understanding which is key in Marxist Theory (Donaldson 1993). In terms of masculinity, the term was used to highlight the oppressive relationshipRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity2123 Words   |  9 PagesHegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the Concept Origins: it formulated 2 decades ago, it was first proposed in reports from a field study in social inequality in Australian schools. â€Å"Towards a new sociology of Masculinity† critiques male sex role literatures and proposed a model of multiple masculinities and power relations. The gramscian term hegemony was current at the time in attempts to understand the stabilization of class relations. Before the women’s liberation movement, a literature in socialRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Hegemonic Masculinity And Masculinity1668 Words   |  7 Pagesessay will focus on how the social construction of hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity establishes rape myths and stereotypes within the society that are aimed to hurt women. I will also focus on how these concepts are integrated within the legal sphere making the law partial and unfair. I will talk about the well-known Ewanchuk case that highlights many rape myths and how its connected to the relationshi p between violence and masculinity and the way woman are expected to conform to a societalRead MoreGender, Masculinity, And The Hegemonic View Of Masculinity1815 Words   |  8 Pagesdevaluing femininity and upholding the hegemonic view of masculinity. Therefor I am researching the â€Å"how do gay and straight Latinos construct their masculinity?† Straight men deem anything feminine as less than, thus gay men are ousted. This ousting of gay men is a byproduct of heterosexism in which a men only date women and vice versa, thus gay men are seen as effeminate for the sole reason of dating other men. In an attempt to reclaim their lost masculinity gay men are rejecting effeminate men in Hegemonic Masculinity Masculinity And Masculinity Hegemonic Masculinity Hegemonic Masculinity is a concept which was first introduced as an attempt to understand and counter-balance gender divisions (Duncanson 2015). Hegemony can be understood as the the control of power and the formation and destruction of social groups, in which the ruling class is able to establish and maintain their domination, an understanding which is key in Marxist Theory (Donaldson 1993). In terms of masculinity, the term was used to highlight the oppressive relationship of men to women, in which women are seen to exist as sexual objects for men (Donaldson 1993). Connell argues that heterosexuality enables men to dominate over women and subordinate the social position of women, however if a male is raped by a women, then it introduces insecurities and reverses hegemonic masculinity (Duncanson 2015). Hegemonic masculinity can be seen as culturally idealised concept in which is both personal and collective and can be commonly understood as the continuation of the breadwinning husband and caring subordinative woman (Donaldson 1993). When discussed within sexual roles, Hegemonic masculinity depicts females as submissive and passive and men as dominant and assertive. It can be argued that these gender stereotypes enforce the opinion that men can not be raped, whether by male or a female, as they would be go against cultural norms (Fisher Pina 2013). This is further highlighted by the legal definition of rape specifying that it is men, ‘he’, thatShow MoreRelatedHegemonic Masculinity : Masculinity And Masculinity1092 Words   |  5 Pagesexplores ‘hegemonic masculinity’ and ‘the field of masculinity’ depicted in this film. ‘Hegemonic masculinity’, which is proposed by Connell (1987), is assumed to ‘the pattern of practice (i.e., things done, not just a set of role expectations or an identity) that allowed men’s dominance over women to continue.’ (Connell and Messerschmidt 2005, p.832) However, hegemonic masculinity has strong influence not only over women, but also over other men as Demetriou (2001, p.341) states. Hegemonic masculinityRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity : Masculinity And Masculinity2351 Words   |  10 PagesWhat is hegemonic masculinity? What are the merits and shortcomings of this concept? In Connell’s original conception, hegemonic masculinity can be understood as ‘the pattern of practice that allowed men’s dominance over women’ (1987). Hegemonic masculinity is the exclusive masculinity of which only a few exhibit. The majority of men in fact experience complicit masculinity, allowing them to dominate in the patriarchal system in which it created. Connell (1987) believed it was this that createdRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity Essay1114 Words   |  5 Pagesthan not people get their ideas of masculinity from the shows and movies they watch throughout their lives. In the article Hegemonic masculinity in media contents, by Peter J. Kareithi, he focuses much more specifically on how the media has presented it to the public, and less of the why, and how it started. The paper by Connell and Messerschmidt, Hegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the Concept, does a much better job at explaining the history of hegemonic masculinity and how it came to be. Though togetherRead MoreThe Problems Associated With Hegemonic Masculinity Essay2081 Words   |  9 PagesPROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY IN SOCIETY Introduction The discourse of hegemonic masculinity was recently explored to understand the power of men in society (Connell Messerschmidt, 2005). For centuries, men have taken a dominant gender role in society. This has resulted in the oppression of women and the subordination of men who do not confine to the ‘masculine’ norms (Connell Messerschmidt, 2005). This essay explores the discourse of hegemonic masculinity by explaining how it isRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity : Characters And Plot Of The Popular Sitcom Two And A Half Men1720 Words   |  7 Pageshow the production of hegemonic masculinity and subordinate masculinity in the show reinforce the idea of hegemonic masculinity as the only real form of manliness accepted by society’s standards of an â€Å"ideal man.† Effeminate masculinity, a subordinate form of masculinity, is not represented in the show in a positive light rather, it is mocked. The characters that play these roles are Charlie, who plays the hype r masculine role, and Alan, who plays the effeminate masculinity role. Alan’s role is inferiorRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity : Masculinity And Masculinity926 Words   |  4 PagesMultiple Masculinities The certain qualities a man processes plays into how masculine he is rated to be. The way he portrays himself in his looks, actions and everyday life paints a bigger picture for the type of male he is. Connell argues that hegemonic masculinity is the ultimate goal that men strive for. Hegemonic masculinity is the idea of men being powerful, strong and dominant. Not many people actually live up to this theory, but nearly all men strive to achieve it. Marginalized masculinity andRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity : Masculinity And Masculinity2763 Words   |  12 Pagesthat image is usually hegemonic masculinity. Hegemonic masculinity may be defined as the ‘macho man’ seen vastly in today’s media; he is tough, smart, good at sports, gets all of the girls but yet, is sexist towards them. There is a constant fear of being emasculated by peers making most boys believe that in order to keep their masculine image, violence will help reassure that. It is in society’s best interest that as many boys as possible acquire the hegemonic masculinity image. From a young ageRead MoreHegemonic Masculinity2123 Words   |  9 PagesHegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the Concept Origins: it formulated 2 decades ago, it was first proposed in reports from a field study in social inequality in Australian schools. â€Å"Towards a new sociology of Masculinity† critiques male sex role literatures and proposed a model of multiple masculinities and power relations. The gramscian term hegemony was current at the time in attempts to understand the stabilization of class relations. Before the women’s liberation movement, a literature in socialRead MoreThe Social Construction Of Hegemonic Masculinity And Masculinity1668 Words   |  7 Pagesessay will focus on how the social construction of hegemonic masculinity and emphasized femininity establishes rape myths and stereotypes within the society that are aimed to hurt women. I will also focus on how these concepts are integrated within the legal sphere making the law partial and unfair. I will talk about the well-known Ewanchuk case that highlights many rape myths and how its connected to the relationshi p between violence and masculinity and the way woman are expected to conform to a societalRead MoreGender, Masculinity, And The Hegemonic View Of Masculinity1815 Words   |  8 Pagesdevaluing femininity and upholding the hegemonic view of masculinity. Therefor I am researching the â€Å"how do gay and straight Latinos construct their masculinity?† Straight men deem anything feminine as less than, thus gay men are ousted. This ousting of gay men is a byproduct of heterosexism in which a men only date women and vice versa, thus gay men are seen as effeminate for the sole reason of dating other men. In an attempt to reclaim their lost masculinity gay men are rejecting effeminate men in